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2025-10-19csky: Replace __ASSEMBLY__ with __ASSEMBLER__ in non-uapi headersThomas Huth
While the GCC and Clang compilers already define __ASSEMBLER__ automatically when compiling assembly code, __ASSEMBLY__ is a macro that only gets defined by the Makefiles in the kernel. This can be very confusing when switching between userspace and kernelspace coding, or when dealing with uapi headers that rather should use __ASSEMBLER__ instead. So let's standardize on the __ASSEMBLER__ macro that is provided by the compilers now. This is a completely mechanical patch (done with a simple "sed -i" statement). Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Guo Ren (Alibaba DAMO Academy) <guoren@kernel.org>
2025-10-19csky: fix csky_cmpxchg_fixup not workingYang Li
In the csky_cmpxchg_fixup function, it is incorrect to use the global variable csky_cmpxchg_stw to determine the address where the exception occurred.The global variable csky_cmpxchg_stw stores the opcode at the time of the exception, while &csky_cmpxchg_stw shows the address where the exception occurred. Signed-off-by: Yang Li <yang.li85200@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
2025-10-18riscv: defconfig: Enable Tenstorrent SoCsDrew Fustini
Enable support for Tenstorrent SoCs in the default configuration. Reviewed-by: Joel Stanley <jms@oss.tenstorrent.com> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <dfustini@oss.tenstorrent.com>
2025-10-18riscv: Kconfig.socs: Add ARCH_TENSTORRENT for Tenstorrent SoCsDrew Fustini
Add Kconfig option ARCH_TENSTORRENT to enable support for SoCs like the Blackhole. Reviewed-by: Joel Stanley <jms@oss.tenstorrent.com> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <dfustini@oss.tenstorrent.com>
2025-10-18riscv: dts: Add Tenstorrent Blackhole SoC PCIe cardsDrew Fustini
Add device tree source describing the Tenstorrent Blackhole SoC and the Blackhole P100 and P150 PCIe cards. There are no differences between the P100 and P150 cards from the perspective of an OS kernel like Linux running on the X280 cores. There is a virtual UART implemented in OpenSBI firmware that allows a console program on the PCIe host to communicate through shared memory with Linux running on the Blackhole card. CONFIG_HVC_RISCV_SBI needs to be enabled. The boot script on the host adds 'console=hvc0' so that the full boot output appears in the console program on the host. Link: https://github.com/tenstorrent/opensbi/ Link: https://github.com/tenstorrent/tt-bh-linux Reviewed-by: Joel Stanley <jms@oss.tenstorrent.com> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <dfustini@oss.tenstorrent.com>
2025-10-18Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvmLinus Torvalds
Pull kvm fixes from Paolo Bonzini: "ARM: - Fix the handling of ZCR_EL2 in NV VMs - Pick the correct translation regime when doing a PTW on the back of a SEA - Prevent userspace from injecting an event into a vcpu that isn't initialised yet - Move timer save/restore to the sysreg handling code, fixing EL2 timer access in the process - Add FGT-based trapping of MDSCR_EL1 to reduce the overhead of debug - Fix trapping configuration when the host isn't GICv3 - Improve the detection of HCR_EL2.E2H being RES1 - Drop a spurious 'break' statement in the S1 PTW - Don't try to access SPE when owned by EL3 Documentation updates: - Document the failure modes of event injection - Document that a GICv3 guest can be created on a GICv5 host with FEAT_GCIE_LEGACY Selftest improvements: - Add a selftest for the effective value of HCR_EL2.AMO - Address build warning in the timer selftest when building with clang - Teach irqfd selftests about non-x86 architectures - Add missing sysregs to the set_id_regs selftest - Fix vcpu allocation in the vgic_lpi_stress selftest - Correctly enable interrupts in the vgic_lpi_stress selftest x86: - Expand the KVM_PRE_FAULT_MEMORY selftest to add a regression test for the bug fixed by commit 3ccbf6f47098 ("KVM: x86/mmu: Return -EAGAIN if userspace deletes/moves memslot during prefault") - Don't try to get PMU capabilities from perf when running a CPU with hybrid CPUs/PMUs, as perf will rightly WARN. guest_memfd: - Rework KVM_CAP_GUEST_MEMFD_MMAP (newly introduced in 6.18) into a more generic KVM_CAP_GUEST_MEMFD_FLAGS - Add a guest_memfd INIT_SHARED flag and require userspace to explicitly set said flag to initialize memory as SHARED, irrespective of MMAP. The behavior merged in 6.18 is that enabling mmap() implicitly initializes memory as SHARED, which would result in an ABI collision for x86 CoCo VMs as their memory is currently always initialized PRIVATE. - Allow mmap() on guest_memfd for x86 CoCo VMs, i.e. on VMs with private memory, to enable testing such setups, i.e. to hopefully flush out any other lurking ABI issues before 6.18 is officially released. - Add testcases to the guest_memfd selftest to cover guest_memfd without MMAP, and host userspace accesses to mmap()'d private memory" * tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/virt/kvm/kvm: (46 commits) arm64: Revamp HCR_EL2.E2H RES1 detection KVM: arm64: nv: Use FGT write trap of MDSCR_EL1 when available KVM: arm64: Compute per-vCPU FGTs at vcpu_load() KVM: arm64: selftests: Fix misleading comment about virtual timer encoding KVM: arm64: selftests: Add an E2H=0-specific configuration to get_reg_list KVM: arm64: selftests: Make dependencies on VHE-specific registers explicit KVM: arm64: Kill leftovers of ad-hoc timer userspace access KVM: arm64: Fix WFxT handling of nested virt KVM: arm64: Move CNT*CT_EL0 userspace accessors to generic infrastructure KVM: arm64: Move CNT*_CVAL_EL0 userspace accessors to generic infrastructure KVM: arm64: Move CNT*_CTL_EL0 userspace accessors to generic infrastructure KVM: arm64: Add timer UAPI workaround to sysreg infrastructure KVM: arm64: Make timer_set_offset() generally accessible KVM: arm64: Replace timer context vcpu pointer with timer_id KVM: arm64: Introduce timer_context_to_vcpu() helper KVM: arm64: Hide CNTHV_*_EL2 from userspace for nVHE guests Documentation: KVM: Update GICv3 docs for GICv5 hosts KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Only set ICH_HCR traps for v2-on-v3 or v3 guests KVM: arm64: selftests: Actually enable IRQs in vgic_lpi_stress KVM: arm64: selftests: Allocate vcpus with correct size ...
2025-10-18Merge tag 'powerpc-6.18-2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux Pull powerpc fixes from Madhavan Srinivasan: - Fix to handle NULL pointer dereference at irq domain teardown - Fix for handling extraction of struct xive_irq_data - Fix to skip parameter area allocation when fadump disabled Thanks to Ganesh Goudar, Hari Bathini, Nam Cao, Ritesh Harjani (IBM), Sourabh Jain, and Venkat Rao Bagalkote, * tag 'powerpc-6.18-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: powerpc/fadump: skip parameter area allocation when fadump is disabled powerpc, ocxl: Fix extraction of struct xive_irq_data powerpc/pseries/msi: Fix NULL pointer dereference at irq domain teardown
2025-10-18riscv: hwprobe: avoid uninitialized variable use in hwprobe_arch_id()Paul Walmsley
Resolve this smatch warning: arch/riscv/kernel/sys_hwprobe.c:50 hwprobe_arch_id() error: uninitialized symbol 'cpu_id'. This could happen if hwprobe_arch_id() was called with a key ID of something other than MVENDORID, MIMPID, and MARCHID. This does not happen in the current codebase. The only caller of hwprobe_arch_id() is a function that only passes one of those three key IDs. For the sake of reducing static analyzer warning noise, and in the unlikely event that hwprobe_arch_id() is someday called with some other key ID, validate hwprobe_arch_id()'s input to ensure that 'cpu_id' is always initialized before use. Fixes: ea3de9ce8aa280 ("RISC-V: Add a syscall for HW probing") Cc: Evan Green <evan@rivosinc.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/cf5a13ec-19d0-9862-059b-943f36107bf3@kernel.org
2025-10-18riscv: cpufeature: avoid uninitialized variable in has_thead_homogeneous_vlenb()Paul Walmsley
In has_thead_homogeneous_vlenb(), smatch detected that the vlenb variable could be used while uninitialized. It appears that this could happen if no CPUs described in DT have the "thead,vlenb" property. Fix by initializing vlenb to 0, which will keep thead_vlenb_of set to 0 (as it was statically initialized). This in turn will cause riscv_v_setup_vsize() to fall back to CSR probing - the desired result if thead,vlenb isn't provided in the DT data. While here, fix a nearby comment typo. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Charlie Jenkins <charlie@rivosinc.com> Fixes: 377be47f90e41 ("riscv: vector: Use vlenb from DT for thead") Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/22674afb-2fe8-2a83-1818-4c37bd554579@kernel.org
2025-10-18Merge tag 'kvm-x86-fixes-6.18-rc2' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEADPaolo Bonzini
KVM x86 fixes for 6.18: - Expand the KVM_PRE_FAULT_MEMORY selftest to add a regression test for the bug fixed by commit 3ccbf6f47098 ("KVM: x86/mmu: Return -EAGAIN if userspace deletes/moves memslot during prefault") - Don't try to get PMU capabbilities from perf when running a CPU with hybrid CPUs/PMUs, as perf will rightly WARN. - Rework KVM_CAP_GUEST_MEMFD_MMAP (newly introduced in 6.18) into a more generic KVM_CAP_GUEST_MEMFD_FLAGS - Add a guest_memfd INIT_SHARED flag and require userspace to explicitly set said flag to initialize memory as SHARED, irrespective of MMAP. The behavior merged in 6.18 is that enabling mmap() implicitly initializes memory as SHARED, which would result in an ABI collision for x86 CoCo VMs as their memory is currently always initialized PRIVATE. - Allow mmap() on guest_memfd for x86 CoCo VMs, i.e. on VMs with private memory, to enable testing such setups, i.e. to hopefully flush out any other lurking ABI issues before 6.18 is officially released. - Add testcases to the guest_memfd selftest to cover guest_memfd without MMAP, and host userspace accesses to mmap()'d private memory.
2025-10-17riscv: hwprobe: Fix stale vDSO data for late-initialized keys at bootJingwei Wang
The hwprobe vDSO data for some keys, like MISALIGNED_VECTOR_PERF, is determined by an asynchronous kthread. This can create a race condition where the kthread finishes after the vDSO data has already been populated, causing userspace to read stale values. To fix this race, a new 'ready' flag is added to the vDSO data, initialized to 'false' during arch_initcall_sync. This flag is checked by both the vDSO's user-space code and the riscv_hwprobe syscall. The syscall serves as a one-time gate, using a completion to wait for any pending probes before populating the data and setting the flag to 'true', thus ensuring userspace reads fresh values on its first request. Reported-by: Tsukasa OI <research_trasio@irq.a4lg.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/760d637b-b13b-4518-b6bf-883d55d44e7f@irq.a4lg.com/ Fixes: e7c9d66e313b ("RISC-V: Report vector unaligned access speed hwprobe") Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Cc: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Co-developed-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Signed-off-by: Jingwei Wang <wangjingwei@iscas.ac.cn> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250811142035.105820-1-wangjingwei@iscas.ac.cn [pjw@kernel.org: fix checkpatch issues] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: add a forward declaration for cpuinfo_opPaul Walmsley
Add a forward declaration for cpuinfo_op to resolve a sparse warning. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/b831f349-5d0c-f7ac-8362-acb20bc6221a@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17RISC-V: Don't print details of CPUs disabled in DTAnup Patel
Early boot stages may disable CPU DT nodes for unavailable CPUs based on SKU, pinstraps, eFuse, etc. Currently, the riscv_early_of_processor_hartid() prints details of a CPU if it is disabled in DT which has no value and gives a false impression to the users that there some issue with the CPU. Fixes: e3d794d555cd ("riscv: treat cpu devicetree nodes without status as enabled") Signed-off-by: Anup Patel <apatel@ventanamicro.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com> Reviewed-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251014163009.182381-1-apatel@ventanamicro.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: Remove the PER_CPU_OFFSET_SHIFT macroSamuel Holland
__per_cpu_offset is an array of unsigned long, so we can reuse the existing RISCV_LGPTR macro. Signed-off-by: Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@sifive.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251015225604.3860409-1-samuel.holland@sifive.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: mm: Define MAX_POSSIBLE_PHYSMEM_BITS for zsmallocSamuel Holland
This definition is used by zsmalloc to optimize memory allocation. On riscv64, it is the same as MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS from asm/sparsemem.h, but that definition depends on CONFIG_SPARSEMEM. The correct definition is already provided for riscv32. Signed-off-by: Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@sifive.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251015233327.3885003-1-samuel.holland@sifive.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: Register IPI IRQs with unique namesSamuel Holland
This allows different IPIs to be distinguished in tracing output. Signed-off-by: Samuel Holland <samuel.holland@sifive.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251016003244.3910332-1-samuel.holland@sifive.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17RISC-V: Define pgprot_dmacoherent() for non-coherent devicesAnup Patel
The pgprot_dmacoherent() is used when allocating memory for non-coherent devices and by default pgprot_dmacoherent() is same as pgprot_noncached() unless architecture overrides it. Currently, there is no pgprot_dmacoherent() definition for RISC-V hence non-coherent device memory is being mapped as IO thereby making CPU access to such memory slow. Define pgprot_dmacoherent() to be same as pgprot_writecombine() for RISC-V so that CPU access non-coherent device memory as NOCACHE which is better than accessing it as IO. Fixes: ff689fd21cb1 ("riscv: add RISC-V Svpbmt extension support") Signed-off-by: Anup Patel <apatel@ventanamicro.com> Tested-by: Han Gao <rabenda.cn@gmail.com> Tested-by: Guo Ren (Alibaba DAMO Academy) <guoren@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250820152316.1012757-1-apatel@ventanamicro.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2025-10-17Merge tag 'arm64-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux Pull arm64 fixes from Catalin Marinas: - Explicitly encode the XZR register if the value passed to write_sysreg_s() is 0. The GIC CDEOI instruction is encoded as a system register write with XZR as the source register. However, clang does not honour the "Z" register constraint, leading to incorrect code generation - Ensure the interrupts (DAIF.IF) are unmasked when completing single-step of a suspended breakpoint before calling exit_to_user_mode(). With pseudo-NMIs, interrupts are (additionally) masked at the PMR_EL1 register, handled by local_irq_*() * tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: arm64: debug: always unmask interrupts in el0_softstp() arm64/sysreg: Fix GIC CDEOI instruction encoding
2025-10-17Merge tag 'riscv-for-linux-6.18-rc2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux Pull RISC-V fixes from Paul Walmsley: - Disable CFI with Rust for any platform other than x86 and ARM64 - Keep task mm_cpumasks up-to-date to avoid triggering M-mode firmware warnings if the kernel tries to send an IPI to an offline CPU - Improve kprobe address validation performance and avoid desyncs (following x86) - Avoid duplicate device probes by avoiding DT hardware probing when ACPI is enabled in early boot - Use the correct set of dependencies for CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_ELF_CORE_EFLAGS, avoiding an allnoconfig warning - Fix a few other minor issues * tag 'riscv-for-linux-6.18-rc2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: riscv: kprobes: convert one final __ASSEMBLY__ to __ASSEMBLER__ riscv: Respect dependencies of ARCH_HAS_ELF_CORE_EFLAGS riscv: acpi: avoid errors caused by probing DT devices when ACPI is used riscv: kprobes: Fix probe address validation riscv: entry: fix typo in comment 'instruciton' -> 'instruction' RISC-V: clear hot-unplugged cores from all task mm_cpumasks to avoid rfence errors riscv: kgdb: Ensure that BUFMAX > NUMREGBYTES rust: cfi: only 64-bit arm and x86 support CFI_CLANG
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: apq8096-db820c: Specify zap shader locationValentine Burley
The zap shader was previously loaded from "qcom/a530_zap.mdt", which is a symlink to "qcom/apq8096/a530_zap.mbn". Update the DTS to reference the actual firmware file in linux-firmware directly. This avoids relying on the symlink and ensures a more robust firmware load path. Signed-off-by: Valentine Burley <valentine.burley@collabora.com> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dmitry.baryshkov@oss.qualcomm.com> Reviewed-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251014084808.112097-1-valentine.burley@collabora.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: pmi8950: Fix VADC channel scaling factorsAntony Kurniawan Soemardi
Fix USBIN/DCIN scaling to match the downstream implementation [1]. Downstream defines the following scaling mappings [2], corresponding to mainline pre-scaling values: <4> -> <1 20> <1> -> <1 3> [1] https://github.com/LineageOS/android_kernel_qcom_msm8953/blob/e6b46fc6f52e754eef5ce6265c7d82a3622e0b0f/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/pmi8950.dtsi#L55-L86 [2] https://github.com/LineageOS/android_kernel_qcom_msm8953/blob/e6b46fc6f52e754eef5ce6265c7d82a3622e0b0f/include/linux/qpnp/qpnp-adc.h#L342-L357 Signed-off-by: Antony Kurniawan Soemardi <linux@smankusors.com> Reviewed-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251004-fix-pmi8950-vadc-v1-2-3143ecab99e9@smankusors.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: pmi8950: Add missing VADC channelsAntony Kurniawan Soemardi
When booting msm8953-based devices, the following kernel message appears: [ 13.090800] qcom-spmi-vadc 200f000.spmi:pmic@2:adc@3100: Please define VDD channel It turns out the pmi8950 uses same VDD and GND channels as other Qualcomm's PMICs, so we can simply copy the channel definition from the other Qualcomm's PMIC dtsi. Signed-off-by: Antony Kurniawan Soemardi <linux@smankusors.com> Reviewed-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251004-fix-pmi8950-vadc-v1-1-3143ecab99e9@smankusors.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: msm8916-samsung-rossa: Move touchscreen to common device treeRaymond Hackley
Every Core Prime uses an Imagis IST3038 touchscreen that is connected to &blsp_i2c5. Move it to the common device tree. Signed-off-by: Raymond Hackley <raymondhackley@protonmail.com> Reviewed-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251004123907.84270-1-raymondhackley@protonmail.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: x1e80100: Extend the gcc input clock listKonrad Dybcio
With the recent dt-bindings update, the missing USB4 clocks have been added. Extend the existing list to make sure the DT contains the expected amount of 'clocks' entries. Reviewed-by: Bryan O'Donoghue <bod@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com> Reviewed-by: Abel Vesa <abel.vesa@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dmitry.baryshkov@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251003-topic-hamoa_gcc_usb4-v2-3-61d27a14ee65@oss.qualcomm.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Add AVIC support for 4k vCPUs in x2AVIC modeNaveen N Rao
With AVIC support for 4k vCPUs, the maximum supported physical ID in x2AVIC mode is 4095. Since this is no longer fixed, introduce a variable (x2avic_max_physical_id) to capture the maximum supported physical ID on the current platform and use that in place of the existing macro (X2AVIC_MAX_PHYSICAL_ID). With AVIC support for 4k vCPUs, the AVIC Physical ID table is no longer a single page and can occupy up to 8 contiguous 4k pages. Since AVIC hardware accesses of the physical ID table are limited by the physical max index programmed in the VMCB, it is sufficient to allocate only as many pages as are required to have a physical table entry for the max guest APIC ID. Since the guest APIC mode is not available at this point, provision for the maximum possible x2AVIC ID. For this purpose, add a variant of avic_get_max_physical_id() that works with a NULL vCPU pointer and returns the max x2AVIC ID. Wrap this in a new helper for obtaining the allocation order. To make it easy to identify support for 4k vCPUs in x2AVIC mode, update the message printed to the kernel log to print the maximum number of vCPUs supported. Do this on all platforms supporting x2AVIC since it is useful to know what is supported on a specific platform. Co-developed-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7fc5962f6da028f7dd3c79dbbd5c574fa02c99dd.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17x86/cpufeatures: Add X86_FEATURE_X2AVIC_EXTNaveen N Rao
Add CPUID feature bit for x2AVIC extension that enables AMD SVM to support up to 4096 vCPUs in x2AVIC mode. The primary change is in the size of the AVIC Physical ID table, which can now go up to 8 contiguous 4k pages. The number of pages allocated is controlled by the maximum APIC ID for a guest, and that controls the number of pages to allocate for the AVIC Physical ID table. AVIC hardware is enhanced to look up Physical ID table entries for vCPUs > 512 for locating the target APIC backing page and the host APIC ID of the physical core on which the guest vCPU is running. Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/e5c9c471ab99a130bf9b728b77050ab308cf8624.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Move AVIC Physical ID table allocation to vcpu_precreate()Naveen N Rao
With support for 4k vCPUs in x2AVIC, the size of the AVIC Physical ID table is expanded from a single 4k page to a maximum of 8 contiguous 4k pages. The actual number of pages allocated depends on the maximum possible APIC ID in the guest, which is only known by the time the first vCPU is created. In preparation for supporting a dynamic AVIC Physical ID table size, move its allocation to vcpu_precreate(). Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7dc764e0af7f01440bbac3d9215ed174027c2384.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org [sean: drop enable_apicv check from svm_vcpu_precreate()] Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Expand AVIC_PHYSICAL_MAX_INDEX_MASK to be a 12-bit fieldNaveen N Rao
In the latest APM describing AVIC support for 4k vCPUs, VMCB AVIC_PHYSICAL_MAX_INDEX (Offset 0xF8) and EXITINFO2.Index are both updated from 9-bit wide to 12-bit wide fields unconditionally (i.e., regardless of AVIC support for 4k vCPUs). Expand AVIC_PHYSICAL_MAX_INDEX_MASK accordingly. While AVIC_PHYSICAL_MAX_INDEX_MASK is updated to a 12-bit field, KVM will limit the max vCPU/APIC ID based on the maximum supported on a specific processor and enforce that limit during vCPU creation. I.e., KVM doesn't need to rely on the mask to ensure that the max APIC ID being programmed in the VMCB is in range. The additional bits (11:9) were previously marked reserved and were never set/read by older processors. Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a24ae953cea716bf9c56c136f7ca4bf5e97b1080.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Replace hard-coded value 0x1FF with the corresponding macroNaveen N Rao
The lower 9-bit field in EXITINFO2 represents an index into the AVIC Physical/Logical APIC ID table for a AVIC_INCOMPLETE_IPI #VMEXIT. Since the index into the Logical APIC ID table is just 8 bits, this field is actually bound by the bit-width of the index into the AVIC Physical ID table which is represented by AVIC_PHYSICAL_MAX_INDEX_MASK. So, use that macro to mask EXITINFO2.Index instead of hard coding 0x1FF in avic_incomplete_ipi_interception(). Co-developed-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Suravee Suthikulpanit <suravee.suthikulpanit@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/95795f449c68bffcb3e1789ee2b0b7393711d37d.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Add a helper to look up the max physical ID for AVICNaveen N Rao
To help with a future change, add a helper to look up the maximum physical ID depending on the vCPU AVIC mode. No functional change intended. Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/0ab9bf5e20a3463a4aa3a5ea9bbbac66beedf1d1.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: SVM: Limit AVIC physical max index based on configured max_vcpu_idsNaveen N Rao
KVM allows VMMs to specify the maximum possible APIC ID for a virtual machine through KVM_CAP_MAX_VCPU_ID capability so as to limit data structures related to APIC/x2APIC. Utilize the same to set the AVIC physical max index in the VMCB, similar to VMX. This helps hardware limit the number of entries to be scanned in the physical APIC ID table speeding up IPI broadcasts for virtual machines with smaller number of vCPUs. Unlike VMX, SVM AVIC requires a single page to be allocated for the Physical APIC ID table and the Logical APIC ID table, so retain the existing approach of allocating those during VM init. Signed-off-by: Naveen N Rao (AMD) <naveen@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/adb07ccdb3394cd79cb372ba6bcc69a4e4d4ef54.1757009416.git.naveen@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Add an off-by-default module param to WARN on missed consistency ↵Sean Christopherson
checks Add an off-by-default param, "warn_on_missed_cc", to have KVM WARN on a missed VMX Consistency Check on nested VM-Enter, specifically so that KVM developers and maintainers can more easily detect missing checks. KVM's goal/intent is that KVM detect *all* VM-Fail conditions in software, as relying on hardware leads to false passes when KVM's nested support is a subset of hardware support, e.g. see commit 095686e6fcb4 ("KVM: nVMX: Check vmcs12->guest_ia32_debugctl on nested VM-Enter"). With one notable exception, KVM now detects all VM-Fail scenarios for which there is known test coverage, i.e. KVM developers can enable the param and expect a clean run, and thus can use the param to detect missed checks, e.g. when enabling new features, when writing new tests, etc. The one exception is an unfortunate consistency check on vTPR. Because the vTPR for L2 comes from the virtual APIC page provided by L1, L2's vTPR is fully writable at all times, i.e. is inherently subject to TOCTOU issues with respect to checks in software versus consumption in hardware. Further complicating matters is KVM's deferred handling of vmcs12 pages when loading nested state; KVM flat out cannot check vTPR during KVM_SET_NESTED_STATE without breaking setups that do on-demand paging, e.g. for live migration and/or live update. To fudge around the vTPR issue, add a "late" controls check for vTPR and also treat an invalid virtual APIC as VM-Fail, but gate the check on warn_on_missed_cc being enabled to avoid unwanted false positives, i.e. to avoid breaking KVM in production. Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-10-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Remove support for "early" consistency checks via hardwareSean Christopherson
Remove nested_early_check and all associated code, as it's quite obviously not being used or tested (it's been broken for 4+ years without a single bug report). More importantly, KVM's software-based consistency checks have matured since the option to do hardware-based checks was added; KVM appears to be missing only _one_ consistency check, on vTPR. And even *more* importantly, that consistency check can't be prevented by an early hardware check due to L1 being able to modify the virtual APIC at any time, i.e. there's an inherent TOCTOU flaw that could cause KVM to "miss" a consistency check VM-Fail, regardless of whether the check is performed by software or by hardware. In other words, KVM _must_ be able to unwind from a late VM-Fail (which was a big motivation for doing early checks). I.e. now that KVM provides (almost) all necessary consistency checks, what's really needed is a way to detect missing checks in KVM, not a way to avoid having to unwind from a late VM-Fail. And that can be done much more simply, e.g. by an simple module param to guard a WARN (which, sadly, must be off-by-default to avoid splats due to the aforementioned TOCTOU issue). For all intents and purposes, this reverts commit 52017608da33 ("KVM: nVMX: add option to perform early consistency checks via H/W"). Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-9-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Stuff vmcs02.TSC_MULTIPLIER early on for nested early checksSean Christopherson
If KVM is doing "early" nested VM-Enter consistency checks and TSC scaling is supported, stuff vmcs02's TSC Multiplier early on to avoid getting a false positive VM-Fail due to trying to do VM-Enter with TSC_MULTIPLIER=0. To minimize complexity around L1 vs. L2 TSC, KVM sets the actual TSC Multiplier rather late during VM-Entry, i.e. may have '0' at the time of early consistency checks. If vmcs12 has TSC Scaling enabled, use the multiplier from vmcs12 so that nested early checks actually check vmcs12 state, otherwise throw in an arbitrary value of '1' (anything non-zero is legal). Fixes: d041b5ea9335 ("KVM: nVMX: Enable nested TSC scaling") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-8-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Add consistency check for TSC_MULTIPLIER=0Sean Christopherson
Add a missing consistency check on the TSC Multiplier being '0'. Per the SDM: If the "use TSC scaling" VM-execution control is 1, the TSC-multiplier must not be zero. Fixes: d041b5ea9335 ("KVM: nVMX: Enable nested TSC scaling") Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-7-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Add consistency check for TPR_THRESHOLD[31:4]!=0 without VIDSean Christopherson
Add a missing consistency check on the TPR Threshold. Per the SDM If the "use TPR shadow" VM-execution control is 1 and the "virtual- interrupt delivery" VM-execution control is 0, bits 31:4 of the TPR threshold VM-execution control field must be 0. Note, nested_vmx_check_tpr_shadow_controls() bails early if "use TPR shadow" is 0. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-6-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: VMX: Use kvm_mmu_page role to construct EPTP, not current vCPU stateSean Christopherson
Use the role for the to-be-loaded/invalidated EPT root to compute the root's level and A/D enablement instead of pulling the information from the vCPU (e.g. by passing in the root level and querying vmcs12). Not making unnecessary assumptions about the root will allow invalidating arbitrary EPT roots (which sadly requires a full EPTP) at any given time. No functional change intended (the end result should be the same). Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-5-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: x86/mmu: Move "dummy root" helpers to spte.hSean Christopherson
Move the helpers to get/query a dummy root from mmu_internal.h to spte.h so that VMX can detect and handle dummy roots when constructing EPTPs. This will allow using the root's role to build the EPTP instead of pulling equivalent information out of the vCPU structure. No functional change intended. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-4-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: nVMX: Hardcode dummy EPTP used for early nested consistency checksSean Christopherson
Hardcode the dummy EPTP used for "early" consistency checks as there's no need to use 5-level EPT based on the guest.MAXPHYADDR (the EPTP just needs to be valid, it's never truly consumed). This will allow breaking construct_eptp()'s dependency on having access to the vCPU, which in turn will (much further in the future) allow for eliding per-root TLB flushes when a vCPU is migrated between pCPUs (a flush is need if and only if that particular pCPU hasn't already flushed the vCPU's roots). Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-3-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17KVM: VMX: Hoist construct_eptp() "up" in vmx.cSean Christopherson
Move construct_eptp() further up in vmx.c so that it's above vmx_flush_tlb_current(), its "first" user in vmx.c. This will allow a future patch to opportunistically make construct_eptp() local to vmx.c. No functional change intended. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250919005955.1366256-2-seanjc@google.com Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
2025-10-17arm64: dts: qcom: ipq5424: correct the TF-A reserved memory to 512KKathiravan Thirumoorthy
Correct the reserved memory size for TF-A to 512K, as it was mistakenly marked as 500K. Update the reserved memory node accordingly. Fixes: 8517204c982b ("arm64: dts: qcom: ipq5424: Add reserved memory for TF-A") Signed-off-by: Kathiravan Thirumoorthy <kathiravan.thirumoorthy@oss.qualcomm.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251014-tfa-reserved-mem-v1-1-48c82033c8a7@oss.qualcomm.com Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: dts: thead: add zfh for th1520Han Gao
th1520 support Zfh ISA extension. It supports the same RISC-V extensions as SG2042. commit cb074bed1186 ("riscv: dts: sophgo: add zfh for sg2042") Signed-off-by: Han Gao <rabenda.cn@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: dts: thead: add ziccrse for th1520Han Gao
Existing rv64 hardware conforms to the rva20 profile. Ziccrse is an additional extension required by the rva20 profile, so th1520 has this extension. Signed-off-by: Han Gao <rabenda.cn@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org>
2025-10-17riscv: dts: thead: add xtheadvector to the th1520 devicetreeHan Gao
The th1520 support xtheadvector [1] so it can be included in the devicetree. Also include vlenb for the cpu. And set vlenb=16 [2]. This can be tested by passing the "mitigations=off" kernel parameter. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/20241113-xtheadvector-v11-4-236c22791ef9@rivosinc.com/ [1] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/aCO44SAoS2kIP61r@ghost/ [2] Signed-off-by: Han Gao <rabenda.cn@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Drew Fustini <fustini@kernel.org>
2025-10-17arm64: debug: always unmask interrupts in el0_softstp()Ada Couprie Diaz
We intend that EL0 exception handlers unmask all DAIF exceptions before calling exit_to_user_mode(). When completing single-step of a suspended breakpoint, we do not call local_daif_restore(DAIF_PROCCTX) before calling exit_to_user_mode(), leaving all DAIF exceptions masked. When pseudo-NMIs are not in use this is benign. When pseudo-NMIs are in use, this is unsound. At this point interrupts are masked by both DAIF.IF and PMR_EL1, and subsequent irq flag manipulation may not work correctly. For example, a subsequent local_irq_enable() within exit_to_user_mode_loop() will only unmask interrupts via PMR_EL1 (leaving those masked via DAIF.IF), and anything depending on interrupts being unmasked (e.g. delivery of signals) will not work correctly. This was detected by CONFIG_ARM64_DEBUG_PRIORITY_MASKING. Move the call to `try_step_suspended_breakpoints()` outside of the check so that interrupts can be unmasked even if we don't call the step handler. Fixes: 0ac7584c08ce ("arm64: debug: split single stepping exception entry") Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 6.17 Signed-off-by: Ada Couprie Diaz <ada.coupriediaz@arm.com> Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> [catalin.marinas@arm.com: added Mark's rewritten commit log and some whitespace] Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
2025-10-17arm64/sysreg: Fix GIC CDEOI instruction encodingLorenzo Pieralisi
The GIC CDEOI system instruction requires the Rt field to be set to 0b11111 otherwise the instruction behaviour becomes CONSTRAINED UNPREDICTABLE. Currenly, its usage is encoded as a system register write, with a constant 0 value: write_sysreg_s(0, GICV5_OP_GIC_CDEOI) While compiling with GCC, the 0 constant value, through these asm constraints and modifiers ('x' modifier and 'Z' constraint combo): asm volatile(__msr_s(r, "%x0") : : "rZ" (__val)); forces the compiler to issue the XZR register for the MSR operation (ie that corresponds to Rt == 0b11111) issuing the right instruction encoding. Unfortunately LLVM does not yet understand that modifier/constraint combo so it ends up issuing a different register from XZR for the MSR source, which in turns means that it encodes the GIC CDEOI instruction wrongly and the instruction behaviour becomes CONSTRAINED UNPREDICTABLE that we must prevent. Add a conditional to write_sysreg_s() macro that detects whether it is passed a constant 0 value and issues an MSR write with XZR as source register - explicitly doing what the asm modifier/constraint is meant to achieve through constraints/modifiers, fixing the LLVM compilation issue. Fixes: 7ec80fb3f025 ("irqchip/gic-v5: Add GICv5 PPI support") Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Pieralisi <lpieralisi@kernel.org> Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
2025-10-17RISC-V: KVM: Read HGEIP CSR on the correct cpuFangyu Yu
When executing kvm_riscv_vcpu_aia_has_interrupts, the vCPU may have migrated and the IMSIC VS-file have not been updated yet, currently the HGEIP CSR should be read from the imsic->vsfile_cpu ( the pCPU before migration ) via on_each_cpu_mask, but this will trigger an IPI call and repeated IPI within a period of time is expensive in a many-core systems. Just let the vCPU execute and update the correct IMSIC VS-file via kvm_riscv_vcpu_aia_imsic_update may be a simple solution. Fixes: 4cec89db80ba ("RISC-V: KVM: Move HGEI[E|P] CSR access to IMSIC virtualization") Signed-off-by: Fangyu Yu <fangyu.yu@linux.alibaba.com> Reviewed-by: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org> Tested-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251016012659.82998-1-fangyu.yu@linux.alibaba.com Signed-off-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
2025-10-17ARM: dts: aspeed: santabarbara: Add eeprom device node for PRoT moduleFred Chen
Add eeprom device node for PRot module FRU. Signed-off-by: Fred Chen <fredchen.openbmc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Jeffery <andrew@codeconstruct.com.au>
2025-10-17ARM: dts: aspeed: santabarbara: Add AMD APML interface supportFred Chen
Enable AMD APML related features - add amd sbrmi node for SoC power reading - add amd sbtsi node for SoC temperature reading - rename the P0_I3C_APML_ALERT_L GPIO to align with the naming convention expected by the AMD APML tool Signed-off-by: Fred Chen <fredchen.openbmc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Jeffery <andrew@codeconstruct.com.au>
2025-10-17ARM: dts: aspeed: santabarbara: Add gpio line nameFred Chen
Add GPIO line name for userspace control or monitoring - Add leak-related line names to report chassis leak event - Add debug-card-mux to control debug card access - Add FM_MAIN_PWREN_RMC_EN_ISO_R to receive RMC power control signal Signed-off-by: Fred Chen <fredchen.openbmc@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Jeffery <andrew@codeconstruct.com.au>