kernel.git/kernel/bpf/btf.c, branch linux-5.18.y

bpf: Wire up freeing of referenced kptr

2022-08-17T12:41:08Z

[ Upstream commit 14a324f6a67ef6a53e04362a70160a47eb8afffa ] A destructor kfunc can be defined as void func(type *), where type may be void or any other pointer type as per convenience. In this patch, we ensure that the type is sane and capture the function pointer into off_desc of ptr_off_tab for the specific pointer offset, with the invariant that the dtor pointer is always set when 'kptr_ref' tag is applied to the pointer's pointee type, which is indicated by the flag BPF_MAP_VALUE_OFF_F_REF. Note that only BTF IDs whose destructor kfunc is registered, thus become the allowed BTF IDs for embedding as referenced kptr. Hence it serves the purpose of finding dtor kfunc BTF ID, as well acting as a check against the whitelist of allowed BTF IDs for this purpose. Finally, wire up the actual freeing of the referenced pointer if any at all available offsets, so that no references are leaked after the BPF map goes away and the BPF program previously moved the ownership a referenced pointer into it. The behavior is similar to BPF timers, where bpf_map_{update,delete}_elem will free any existing referenced kptr. The same case is with LRU map's bpf_lru_push_free/htab_lru_push_free functions, which are extended to reset unreferenced and free referenced kptr. Note that unlike BPF timers, kptr is not reset or freed when map uref drops to zero. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220424214901.2743946-8-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Populate pairs of btf_id and destructor kfunc in btf

2022-08-17T12:41:08Z

[ Upstream commit 5ce937d613a423ca3102f53d9f3daf4210c1b6e2 ] To support storing referenced PTR_TO_BTF_ID in maps, we require associating a specific BTF ID with a 'destructor' kfunc. This is because we need to release a live referenced pointer at a certain offset in map value from the map destruction path, otherwise we end up leaking resources. Hence, introduce support for passing an array of btf_id, kfunc_btf_id pairs that denote a BTF ID and its associated release function. Then, add an accessor 'btf_find_dtor_kfunc' which can be used to look up the destructor kfunc of a certain BTF ID. If found, we can use it to free the object from the map free path. The registration of these pairs also serve as a whitelist of structures which are allowed as referenced PTR_TO_BTF_ID in a BPF map, because without finding the destructor kfunc, we will bail and return an error. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220424214901.2743946-7-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Allow storing referenced kptr in map

2022-08-17T12:41:08Z

[ Upstream commit c0a5a21c25f37c9fd7b36072f9968cdff1e4aa13 ] Extending the code in previous commits, introduce referenced kptr support, which needs to be tagged using 'kptr_ref' tag instead. Unlike unreferenced kptr, referenced kptr have a lot more restrictions. In addition to the type matching, only a newly introduced bpf_kptr_xchg helper is allowed to modify the map value at that offset. This transfers the referenced pointer being stored into the map, releasing the references state for the program, and returning the old value and creating new reference state for the returned pointer. Similar to unreferenced pointer case, return value for this case will also be PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL. The reference for the returned pointer must either be eventually released by calling the corresponding release function, otherwise it must be transferred into another map. It is also allowed to call bpf_kptr_xchg with a NULL pointer, to clear the value, and obtain the old value if any. BPF_LDX, BPF_STX, and BPF_ST cannot access referenced kptr. A future commit will permit using BPF_LDX for such pointers, but attempt at making it safe, since the lifetime of object won't be guaranteed. There are valid reasons to enforce the restriction of permitting only bpf_kptr_xchg to operate on referenced kptr. The pointer value must be consistent in face of concurrent modification, and any prior values contained in the map must also be released before a new one is moved into the map. To ensure proper transfer of this ownership, bpf_kptr_xchg returns the old value, which the verifier would require the user to either free or move into another map, and releases the reference held for the pointer being moved in. In the future, direct BPF_XCHG instruction may also be permitted to work like bpf_kptr_xchg helper. Note that process_kptr_func doesn't have to call check_helper_mem_access, since we already disallow rdonly/wronly flags for map, which is what check_map_access_type checks, and we already ensure the PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE refers to kptr by obtaining its off_desc, so check_map_access is also not required. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220424214901.2743946-4-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Tag argument to be released in bpf_func_proto

2022-08-17T12:41:08Z

[ Upstream commit 8f14852e89113d738c99c375b4c8b8b7e1073df1 ] Add a new type flag for bpf_arg_type that when set tells verifier that for a release function, that argument's register will be the one for which meta.ref_obj_id will be set, and which will then be released using release_reference. To capture the regno, introduce a new field release_regno in bpf_call_arg_meta. This would be required in the next patch, where we may either pass NULL or a refcounted pointer as an argument to the release function bpf_kptr_xchg. Just releasing only when meta.ref_obj_id is set is not enough, as there is a case where the type of argument needed matches, but the ref_obj_id is set to 0. Hence, we must enforce that whenever meta.ref_obj_id is zero, the register that is to be released can only be NULL for a release function. Since we now indicate whether an argument is to be released in bpf_func_proto itself, is_release_function helper has lost its utitlity, hence refactor code to work without it, and just rely on meta.release_regno to know when to release state for a ref_obj_id. Still, the restriction of one release argument and only one ref_obj_id passed to BPF helper or kfunc remains. This may be lifted in the future. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220424214901.2743946-3-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Allow storing unreferenced kptr in map

2022-08-17T12:41:07Z

[ Upstream commit 61df10c7799e27807ad5e459eec9d77cddf8bf45 ] This commit introduces a new pointer type 'kptr' which can be embedded in a map value to hold a PTR_TO_BTF_ID stored by a BPF program during its invocation. When storing such a kptr, BPF program's PTR_TO_BTF_ID register must have the same type as in the map value's BTF, and loading a kptr marks the destination register as PTR_TO_BTF_ID with the correct kernel BTF and BTF ID. Such kptr are unreferenced, i.e. by the time another invocation of the BPF program loads this pointer, the object which the pointer points to may not longer exist. Since PTR_TO_BTF_ID loads (using BPF_LDX) are patched to PROBE_MEM loads by the verifier, it would safe to allow user to still access such invalid pointer, but passing such pointers into BPF helpers and kfuncs should not be permitted. A future patch in this series will close this gap. The flexibility offered by allowing programs to dereference such invalid pointers while being safe at runtime frees the verifier from doing complex lifetime tracking. As long as the user may ensure that the object remains valid, it can ensure data read by it from the kernel object is valid. The user indicates that a certain pointer must be treated as kptr capable of accepting stores of PTR_TO_BTF_ID of a certain type, by using a BTF type tag 'kptr' on the pointed to type of the pointer. Then, this information is recorded in the object BTF which will be passed into the kernel by way of map's BTF information. The name and kind from the map value BTF is used to look up the in-kernel type, and the actual BTF and BTF ID is recorded in the map struct in a new kptr_off_tab member. For now, only storing pointers to structs is permitted. An example of this specification is shown below: #define __kptr __attribute__((btf_type_tag("kptr"))) struct map_value { ... struct task_struct __kptr *task; ... }; Then, in a BPF program, user may store PTR_TO_BTF_ID with the type task_struct into the map, and then load it later. Note that the destination register is marked PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL, as the verifier cannot know whether the value is NULL or not statically, it must treat all potential loads at that map value offset as loading a possibly NULL pointer. Only BPF_LDX, BPF_STX, and BPF_ST (with insn->imm = 0 to denote NULL) are allowed instructions that can access such a pointer. On BPF_LDX, the destination register is updated to be a PTR_TO_BTF_ID, and on BPF_STX, it is checked whether the source register type is a PTR_TO_BTF_ID with same BTF type as specified in the map BTF. The access size must always be BPF_DW. For the map in map support, the kptr_off_tab for outer map is copied from the inner map's kptr_off_tab. It was chosen to do a deep copy instead of introducing a refcount to kptr_off_tab, because the copy only needs to be done when paramterizing using inner_map_fd in the map in map case, hence would be unnecessary for all other users. It is not permitted to use MAP_FREEZE command and mmap for BPF map having kptrs, similar to the bpf_timer case. A kptr also requires that BPF program has both read and write access to the map (hence both BPF_F_RDONLY_PROG and BPF_F_WRONLY_PROG are disallowed). Note that check_map_access must be called from both check_helper_mem_access and for the BPF instructions, hence the kptr check must distinguish between ACCESS_DIRECT and ACCESS_HELPER, and reject ACCESS_HELPER cases. We rename stack_access_src to bpf_access_src and reuse it for this purpose. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220424214901.2743946-2-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Make btf_find_field more generic

2022-08-17T12:41:07Z

[ Upstream commit 42ba1308074d9046386d58b56e793604be48ce22 ] Next commit introduces field type 'kptr' whose kind will not be struct, but pointer, and it will not be limited to one offset, but multiple ones. Make existing btf_find_struct_field and btf_find_datasec_var functions amenable to use for finding kptrs in map value, by moving spin_lock and timer specific checks into their own function. The alignment, and name are checked before the function is called, so it is the last point where we can skip field or return an error before the next loop iteration happens. Size of the field and type is meant to be checked inside the function. Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220415160354.1050687-2-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

bpf: Fix calling global functions from BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT programs

2022-06-25T13:29:47Z

commit f858c2b2ca04fc7ead291821a793638ae120c11d upstream. The verifier allows programs to call global functions as long as their argument types match, using BTF to check the function arguments. One of the allowed argument types to such global functions is PTR_TO_CTX; however the check for this fails on BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT functions because the verifier uses the wrong type to fetch the vmlinux BTF ID for the program context type. This failure is seen when an XDP program is loaded using libxdp (which loads it as BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT and attaches it to a global XDP type program). Fix the issue by passing in the target program type instead of the BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT type to bpf_prog_get_ctx() when checking function argument compatibility. The first Fixes tag refers to the latest commit that touched the code in question, while the second one points to the code that first introduced the global function call verification. v2: - Use resolve_prog_type() Fixes: 3363bd0cfbb8 ("bpf: Extend kfunc with PTR_TO_CTX, PTR_TO_MEM argument support") Fixes: 51c39bb1d5d1 ("bpf: Introduce function-by-function verification") Reported-by: Simon Sundberg Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220606075253.28422-1-toke@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov [ backport: resolve conflict due to kptr series missing ] Signed-off-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

bpf: Fix maximum permitted number of arguments check

2022-03-29T02:08:17Z

Since the m->arg_size array can hold up to MAX_BPF_FUNC_ARGS argument sizes, it's ok that nargs is equal to MAX_BPF_FUNC_ARGS. Signed-off-by: Yuntao Wang Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220324164238.1274915-1-ytcoode@gmail.com

bpf: Simplify check in btf_parse_hdr()

2022-03-21T13:49:28Z

Replace offsetof(hdr_len) + sizeof(hdr_len) with offsetofend(hdr_len) to simplify the check for correctness of btf_data_size in btf_parse_hdr() Signed-off-by: Yuntao Wang Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220320075240.1001728-1-ytcoode@gmail.com

bpf: Check for NULL return from bpf_get_btf_vmlinux

2022-03-21T02:21:38Z

When CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF is disabled, bpf_get_btf_vmlinux can return a NULL pointer. Check for it in btf_get_module_btf to prevent a NULL pointer dereference. While kernel test robot only complained about this specific case, let's also check for NULL in other call sites of bpf_get_btf_vmlinux. Fixes: 9492450fd287 ("bpf: Always raise reference in btf_get_module_btf") Reported-by: kernel test robot Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220320143003.589540-1-memxor@gmail.com