kernel.git/fs/pstore/ram_core.c, branch master

Convert remaining multi-line kmalloc_obj/flex GFP_KERNEL uses

2026-02-22T16:26:33Z

Conversion performed via this Coccinelle script: // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only // Options: --include-headers-for-types --all-includes --include-headers --keep-comments virtual patch @gfp depends on patch && !(file in "tools") && !(file in "samples")@ identifier ALLOC = {kmalloc_obj,kmalloc_objs,kmalloc_flex, kzalloc_obj,kzalloc_objs,kzalloc_flex, kvmalloc_obj,kvmalloc_objs,kvmalloc_flex, kvzalloc_obj,kvzalloc_objs,kvzalloc_flex}; @@ ALLOC(... - , GFP_KERNEL ) $ make coccicheck MODE=patch COCCI=gfp.cocci Build and boot tested x86_64 with Fedora 42's GCC and Clang: Linux version 6.19.0+ (user@host) (gcc (GCC) 15.2.1 20260123 (Red Hat 15.2.1-7), GNU ld version 2.44-12.fc42) #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC 1970-01-01 Linux version 6.19.0+ (user@host) (clang version 20.1.8 (Fedora 20.1.8-4.fc42), LLD 20.1.8) #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC 1970-01-01 Signed-off-by: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Convert 'alloc_obj' family to use the new default GFP_KERNEL argument

2026-02-22T01:09:51Z

This was done entirely with mindless brute force, using git grep -l '\

treewide: Replace kmalloc with kmalloc_obj for non-scalar types

2026-02-21T09:02:28Z

This is the result of running the Coccinelle script from scripts/coccinelle/api/kmalloc_objs.cocci. The script is designed to avoid scalar types (which need careful case-by-case checking), and instead replace kmalloc-family calls that allocate struct or union object instances: Single allocations: kmalloc(sizeof(TYPE), ...) are replaced with: kmalloc_obj(TYPE, ...) Array allocations: kmalloc_array(COUNT, sizeof(TYPE), ...) are replaced with: kmalloc_objs(TYPE, COUNT, ...) Flex array allocations: kmalloc(struct_size(PTR, FAM, COUNT), ...) are replaced with: kmalloc_flex(*PTR, FAM, COUNT, ...) (where TYPE may also be *VAR) The resulting allocations no longer return "void *", instead returning "TYPE *". Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore/ram: fix buffer overflow in persistent_ram_save_old()

2026-02-07T00:50:35Z

persistent_ram_save_old() can be called multiple times for the same persistent_ram_zone (e.g., via ramoops_pstore_read -> ramoops_get_next_prz for PSTORE_TYPE_DMESG records). Currently, the function only allocates prz->old_log when it is NULL, but it unconditionally updates prz->old_log_size to the current buffer size and then performs memcpy_fromio() using this new size. If the buffer size has grown since the first allocation (which can happen across different kernel boot cycles), this leads to: 1. A heap buffer overflow (OOB write) in the memcpy_fromio() calls 2. A subsequent OOB read when ramoops_pstore_read() accesses the buffer using the incorrect (larger) old_log_size The KASAN splat would look similar to: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ramoops_pstore_read+0x... Read of size N at addr ... by task ... The conditions are likely extremely hard to hit: 0. Crash with a ramoops write of less-than-record-max-size bytes. 1. Reboot: ramoops registers, pstore_get_records(0) reads old crash, allocates old_log with size X 2. Crash handler registered, timer started (if pstore_update_ms >= 0) 3. Oops happens (non-fatal, system continues) 4. pstore_dump() writes oops via ramoops_pstore_write() size Y (>X) 5. pstore_new_entry = 1, pstore_timer_kick() called 6. System continues running (not a panic oops) 7. Timer fires after pstore_update_ms milliseconds 8. pstore_timefunc() → schedule_work() → pstore_dowork() → pstore_get_records(1) 9. ramoops_get_next_prz() → persistent_ram_save_old() 10. buffer_size() returns Y, but old_log is X bytes 11. Y > X: memcpy_fromio() overflows heap Requirements: - a prior crash record exists that did not fill the record size (almost impossible since the crash handler writes as much as it can possibly fit into the record, capped by max record size and the kmsg buffer almost always exceeds the max record size) - pstore_update_ms >= 0 (disabled by default) - Non-fatal oops (system survives) Free and reallocate the buffer when the new size differs from the previously allocated size. This ensures old_log always has sufficient space for the data being copied. Fixes: 201e4aca5aa1 ("pstore/ram: Should update old dmesg buffer before reading") Signed-off-by: Sai Ritvik Tanksalkar Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260201132240.2948732-1-stanksal@purdue.edu Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore: ram_core: fix incorrect success return when vmap() fails

2026-02-07T00:50:35Z

In persistent_ram_vmap(), vmap() may return NULL on failure. If offset is non-zero, adding offset_in_page(start) causes the function to return a non-NULL pointer even though the mapping failed. persistent_ram_buffer_map() therefore incorrectly returns success. Subsequent access to prz->buffer may dereference an invalid address and cause crashes. Add proper NULL checking for vmap() failures. Signed-off-by: Ruipeng Qi Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260203020358.3315299-1-ruipengqi3@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore: ram_core: fix possible overflow in persistent_ram_init_ecc()

2023-12-08T22:15:00Z

In persistent_ram_init_ecc(), on 64-bit arches DIV_ROUND_UP() will return 64-bit value since persistent_ram_zone::buffer_size has type size_t which is derived from the 64-bit *unsigned long*, while the ecc_blocks variable this value gets assigned to has (always 32-bit) *int* type. Even if that value fits into *int* type, an overflow is still possible when calculating the size_t typed ecc_total variable further below since there's no cast to any 64-bit type before multiplication. Declaring the ecc_blocks variable as *size_t* should fix this mess... Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with the SVACE static analysis tool. Fixes: 9cc05ad97c57 ("staging: android: persistent_ram: refactor ecc support") Signed-off-by: Sergey Shtylyov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231105202936.25694-1-s.shtylyov@omp.ru Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore: Fix kernel-doc warning

2023-08-18T20:27:28Z

Fix the warning for the description of struct persistent_ram_buffer and improve the descriptions of the other struct members while I'm here. Signed-off-by: "Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)" Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230818201253.2729485-1-willy@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore: Support record sizes larger than kmalloc() limit

2023-08-17T22:18:24Z

Currently pstore record buffers are allocated using kmalloc() which has a maximum size based on page size. If a large "pmsg-size" module parameter is specified, pmsg will fail to copy the contents since memdup_user() is limited to kmalloc() allocation sizes. Since we don't need physically contiguous memory for any of the pstore record buffers, use kvzalloc() to avoid such limitations in the core of pstore and in the ram backend, and explicitly read from userspace using vmemdup_user(). This also means that any other backends that want to (or do already) support larger record sizes will Just Work now. Signed-off-by: Yuxiao Zhang Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230627202540.881909-2-yuxiaozhang@google.com Co-developed-by: Kees Cook Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore/ram: Check start of empty przs during init

2023-08-04T17:03:20Z

After commit 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as valid"), initialization would assume a prz was valid after seeing that the buffer_size is zero (regardless of the buffer start position). This unchecked start value means it could be outside the bounds of the buffer, leading to future access panics when written to: sysdump_panic_event+0x3b4/0x5b8 atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x54/0x90 panic+0x1c8/0x42c die+0x29c/0x2a8 die_kernel_fault+0x68/0x78 __do_kernel_fault+0x1c4/0x1e0 do_bad_area+0x40/0x100 do_translation_fault+0x68/0x80 do_mem_abort+0x68/0xf8 el1_da+0x1c/0xc0 __raw_writeb+0x38/0x174 __memcpy_toio+0x40/0xac persistent_ram_update+0x44/0x12c persistent_ram_write+0x1a8/0x1b8 ramoops_pstore_write+0x198/0x1e8 pstore_console_write+0x94/0xe0 ... To avoid this, also check if the prz start is 0 during the initialization phase. If not, the next prz sanity check case will discover it (start > size) and zap the buffer back to a sane state. Fixes: 30696378f68a ("pstore/ram: Do not treat empty buffers as valid") Cc: Yunlong Xing Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Enlin Mu Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230801060432.1307717-1-yunlong.xing@unisoc.com [kees: update commit log with backtrace and clarifications] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook

pstore/ram: Add check for kstrdup

2023-06-14T18:52:10Z

Add check for the return value of kstrdup() and return the error if it fails in order to avoid NULL pointer dereference. Fixes: e163fdb3f7f8 ("pstore/ram: Regularize prz label allocation lifetime") Signed-off-by: Jiasheng Jiang Signed-off-by: Kees Cook Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230614093733.36048-1-jiasheng@iscas.ac.cn