kernel.git/arch/x86/kernel/ldt.c, branch linux-4.14.y

x86/ldt: Unmap PTEs for the slot before freeing LDT pages

2018-11-27T15:10:50Z

commit a0e6e0831c516860fc7f9be1db6c081fe902ebcf upstream modify_ldt(2) leaves the old LDT mapped after switching over to the new one. The old LDT gets freed and the pages can be re-used. Leaving the mapping in place can have security implications. The mapping is present in the userspace page tables and Meltdown-like attacks can read these freed and possibly reused pages. It's relatively simple to fix: unmap the old LDT and flush TLB before freeing the old LDT memory. This further allows to avoid flushing the TLB in map_ldt_struct() as the slot is unmapped and flushed by unmap_ldt_struct() or has never been mapped at all. [ tglx: Massaged changelog and removed the needless line breaks ] Fixes: f55f0501cbf6 ("x86/pti: Put the LDT in its own PGD if PTI is on") Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: bp@alien8.de Cc: hpa@zytor.com Cc: dave.hansen@linux.intel.com Cc: luto@kernel.org Cc: peterz@infradead.org Cc: boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com Cc: jgross@suse.com Cc: bhe@redhat.com Cc: willy@infradead.org Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181026122856.66224-3-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

x86/ldt: Make LDT pgtable free conditional

2018-01-02T19:31:17Z

commit 7f414195b0c3612acd12b4611a5fe75995cf10c7 upstream. Andy prefers to be paranoid about the pagetable free in the error path of write_ldt(). Make it conditional and warn whenever the installment of a secondary LDT fails. Requested-by: Andy Lutomirski Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/ldt: Plug memory leak in error path

2018-01-02T19:31:16Z

commit a62d69857aab4caa43049e72fe0ed5c4a60518dd upstream. The error path in write_ldt() tries to free 'old_ldt' instead of the newly allocated 'new_ldt', resulting in a memory leak. It also misses to clean up a half populated LDT pagetable, which is not a leak as it gets cleaned up when the process exits. Free both the potentially half populated LDT pagetable and the newly allocated LDT struct. This can be done unconditionally because once an LDT is mapped subsequent maps will succeed, because the PTE page is already populated and the two LDTs fit into that single page. Reported-by: Mathieu Desnoyers Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Dominik Brodowski Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Fixes: f55f0501cbf6 ("x86/pti: Put the LDT in its own PGD if PTI is on") Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1712311121340.1899@nanos Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/ldt: Make the LDT mapping RO

2018-01-02T19:31:02Z

commit 9f5cb6b32d9e0a3a7453222baaf15664d92adbf2 upstream. Now that the LDT mapping is in a known area when PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION is enabled its a primary target for attacks, if a user space interface fails to validate a write address correctly. That can never happen, right? The SDM states: If the segment descriptors in the GDT or an LDT are placed in ROM, the processor can enter an indefinite loop if software or the processor attempts to update (write to) the ROM-based segment descriptors. To prevent this problem, set the accessed bits for all segment descriptors placed in a ROM. Also, remove operating-system or executive code that attempts to modify segment descriptors located in ROM. So its a valid approach to set the ACCESS bit when setting up the LDT entry and to map the table RO. Fixup the selftest so it can handle that new mode. Remove the manual ACCESS bit setter in set_tls_desc() as this is now pointless. Folded the patch from Peter Ziljstra. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Juergen Gross Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/pti: Put the LDT in its own PGD if PTI is on

2018-01-02T19:31:00Z

commit f55f0501cbf65ec41cca5058513031b711730b1d upstream. With PTI enabled, the LDT must be mapped in the usermode tables somewhere. The LDT is per process, i.e. per mm. An earlier approach mapped the LDT on context switch into a fixmap area, but that's a big overhead and exhausted the fixmap space when NR_CPUS got big. Take advantage of the fact that there is an address space hole which provides a completely unused pgd. Use this pgd to manage per-mm LDT mappings. This has a down side: the LDT isn't (currently) randomized, and an attack that can write the LDT is instant root due to call gates (thanks, AMD, for leaving call gates in AMD64 but designing them wrong so they're only useful for exploits). This can be mitigated by making the LDT read-only or randomizing the mapping, either of which is strightforward on top of this patch. This will significantly slow down LDT users, but that shouldn't matter for important workloads -- the LDT is only used by DOSEMU(2), Wine, and very old libc implementations. [ tglx: Cleaned it up. ] Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Brian Gerst Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: David Laight Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Juergen Gross Cc: Kees Cook Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/ldt: Prevent LDT inheritance on exec

2017-12-29T16:53:43Z

commit a4828f81037f491b2cc986595e3a969a6eeb2fb5 upstream. The LDT is inherited across fork() or exec(), but that makes no sense at all because exec() is supposed to start the process clean. The reason why this happens is that init_new_context_ldt() is called from init_new_context() which obviously needs to be called for both fork() and exec(). It would be surprising if anything relies on that behaviour, so it seems to be safe to remove that misfeature. Split the context initialization into two parts. Clear the LDT pointer and initialize the mutex from the general context init and move the LDT duplication to arch_dup_mmap() which is only called on fork(). Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Andy Lutomirsky Cc: Boris Ostrovsky Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Brian Gerst Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: David Laight Cc: Denys Vlasenko Cc: Eduardo Valentin Cc: Greg KH Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Juergen Gross Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Will Deacon Cc: aliguori@amazon.com Cc: dan.j.williams@intel.com Cc: hughd@google.com Cc: keescook@google.com Cc: kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/ldt: Rework locking

2017-12-29T16:53:43Z

commit c2b3496bb30bd159e9de42e5c952e1f1f33c9a77 upstream. The LDT is duplicated on fork() and on exec(), which is wrong as exec() should start from a clean state, i.e. without LDT. To fix this the LDT duplication code will be moved into arch_dup_mmap() which is only called for fork(). This introduces a locking problem. arch_dup_mmap() holds mmap_sem of the parent process, but the LDT duplication code needs to acquire mm->context.lock to access the LDT data safely, which is the reverse lock order of write_ldt() where mmap_sem nests into context.lock. Solve this by introducing a new rw semaphore which serializes the read/write_ldt() syscall operations and use context.lock to protect the actual installment of the LDT descriptor. So context.lock stabilizes mm->context.ldt and can nest inside of the new semaphore or mmap_sem. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Cc: Andy Lutomirski Cc: Andy Lutomirsky Cc: Boris Ostrovsky Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Borislav Petkov Cc: Brian Gerst Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: Dave Hansen Cc: David Laight Cc: Denys Vlasenko Cc: Eduardo Valentin Cc: Greg KH Cc: H. Peter Anvin Cc: Josh Poimboeuf Cc: Juergen Gross Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Will Deacon Cc: aliguori@amazon.com Cc: dan.j.williams@intel.com Cc: hughd@google.com Cc: keescook@google.com Cc: kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

locking/barriers: Convert users of lockless_dereference() to READ_ONCE()

2017-12-25T13:26:21Z

commit 3382290ed2d5e275429cef510ab21889d3ccd164 upstream. [ Note, this is a Git cherry-pick of the following commit: 506458efaf15 ("locking/barriers: Convert users of lockless_dereference() to READ_ONCE()") ... for easier x86 PTI code testing and back-porting. ] READ_ONCE() now has an implicit smp_read_barrier_depends() call, so it can be used instead of lockless_dereference() without any change in semantics. Signed-off-by: Will Deacon Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Paul E. McKenney Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508840570-22169-4-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

x86/entry: Use SYSCALL_DEFINE() macros for sys_modify_ldt()

2017-12-10T12:40:41Z

[ Upstream commit da20ab35180780e4a6eadc804544f1fa967f3567 ] We do not have tracepoints for sys_modify_ldt() because we define it directly instead of using the normal SYSCALL_DEFINEx() macros. However, there is a reason sys_modify_ldt() does not use the macros: it has an 'int' return type instead of 'unsigned long'. This is a bug, but it's a bug cemented in the ABI. What does this mean? If we return -EINVAL from a function that returns 'int', we have 0x00000000ffffffea in %rax. But, if we return -EINVAL from a function returning 'unsigned long', we end up with 0xffffffffffffffea in %rax, which is wrong. To work around this and maintain the 'int' behavior while using the SYSCALL_DEFINEx() macros, so we add a cast to 'unsigned int' in both implementations of sys_modify_ldt(). Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen Reviewed-by: Andy Lutomirski Reviewed-by: Brian Gerst Cc: Linus Torvalds Cc: Peter Zijlstra Cc: Thomas Gleixner Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171018172107.1A79C532@viggo.jf.intel.com Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman