x86/ibt,kexec: Disable CET on kexec

2022-03-15T09:32:39Z

Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220308154318.641454603@infradead.org

x86/ibt: Add IBT feature, MSR and #CP handling

2022-03-15T09:32:39Z

The bits required to make the hardware go.. Of note is that, provided the syscall entry points are covered with ENDBR, #CP doesn't need to be an IST because we'll never hit the syscall gap. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220308154318.582331711@infradead.org

Merge tag 'perf-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2021-04-28T20:03:44Z

Pull perf event updates from Ingo Molnar: - Improve Intel uncore PMU support: - Parse uncore 'discovery tables' - a new hardware capability enumeration method introduced on the latest Intel platforms. This table is in a well-defined PCI namespace location and is read via MMIO. It is organized in an rbtree. These uncore tables will allow the discovery of standard counter blocks, but fancier counters still need to be enumerated explicitly. - Add Alder Lake support - Improve IIO stacks to PMON mapping support on Skylake servers - Add Intel Alder Lake PMU support - which requires the introduction of 'hybrid' CPUs and PMUs. Alder Lake is a mix of Golden Cove ('big') and Gracemont ('small' - Atom derived) cores. The CPU-side feature set is entirely symmetrical - but on the PMU side there's core type dependent PMU functionality. - Reduce data loss with CPU level hardware tracing on Intel PT / AUX profiling, by fixing the AUX allocation watermark logic. - Improve ring buffer allocation on NUMA systems - Put 'struct perf_event' into their separate kmem_cache pool - Add support for synchronous signals for select perf events. The immediate motivation is to support low-overhead sampling-based race detection for user-space code. The feature consists of the following main changes: - Add thread-only event inheritance via perf_event_attr::inherit_thread, which limits inheritance of events to CLONE_THREAD. - Add the ability for events to not leak through exec(), via perf_event_attr::remove_on_exec. - Allow the generation of SIGTRAP via perf_event_attr::sigtrap, extend siginfo with an u64 ::si_perf, and add the breakpoint information to ::si_addr and ::si_perf if the event is PERF_TYPE_BREAKPOINT. The siginfo support is adequate for breakpoints right now - but the new field can be used to introduce support for other types of metadata passed over siginfo as well. - Misc fixes, cleanups and smaller updates. * tag 'perf-core-2021-04-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (53 commits) signal, perf: Add missing TRAP_PERF case in siginfo_layout() signal, perf: Fix siginfo_t by avoiding u64 on 32-bit architectures perf/x86: Allow for 8

x86/cpu: Add helper function to get the type of the current hybrid CPU

2021-04-19T18:03:23Z

On processors with Intel Hybrid Technology (i.e., one having more than one type of CPU in the same package), all CPUs support the same instruction set and enumerate the same features on CPUID. Thus, all software can run on any CPU without restrictions. However, there may be model-specific differences among types of CPUs. For instance, each type of CPU may support a different number of performance counters. Also, machine check error banks may be wired differently. Even though most software will not care about these differences, kernel subsystems dealing with these differences must know. Add and expose a new helper function get_this_hybrid_cpu_type() to query the type of the current hybrid CPU. The function will be used later in the perf subsystem. The Intel Software Developer's Manual defines the CPU type as 8-bit identifier. Signed-off-by: Ricardo Neri Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Reviewed-by: Tony Luck Reviewed-by: Len Brown Acked-by: Borislav Petkov Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1618237865-33448-3-git-send-email-kan.liang@linux.intel.com

x86/traps: Handle #DB for bus lock

2021-03-28T20:52:15Z

Bus locks degrade performance for the whole system, not just for the CPU that requested the bus lock. Two CPU features "#AC for split lock" and "#DB for bus lock" provide hooks so that the operating system may choose one of several mitigation strategies. #AC for split lock is already implemented. Add code to use the #DB for bus lock feature to cover additional situations with new options to mitigate. split_lock_detect= #AC for split lock #DB for bus lock off Do nothing Do nothing warn Kernel OOPs Warn once per task and Warn once per task and and continues to run. disable future checking When both features are supported, warn in #AC fatal Kernel OOPs Send SIGBUS to user. Send SIGBUS to user When both features are supported, fatal in #AC ratelimit:N Do nothing Limit bus lock rate to N per second in the current non-root user. Default option is "warn". Hardware only generates #DB for bus lock detect when CPL>0 to avoid nested #DB from multiple bus locks while the first #DB is being handled. So no need to handle #DB for bus lock detected in the kernel. #DB for bus lock is enabled by bus lock detection bit 2 in DEBUGCTL MSR while #AC for split lock is enabled by split lock detection bit 29 in TEST_CTRL MSR. Both breakpoint and bus lock in the same instruction can trigger one #DB. The bus lock is handled before the breakpoint in the #DB handler. Delivery of #DB for bus lock in userspace clears DR6[11], which is set by the #DB handler right after reading DR6. Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Reviewed-by: Tony Luck Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210322135325.682257-3-fenghua.yu@intel.com

x86/cpu: Reinitialize IA32_FEAT_CTL MSR on BSP during wakeup

2020-06-15T12:18:37Z

Reinitialize IA32_FEAT_CTL on the BSP during wakeup to handle the case where firmware doesn't initialize or save/restore across S3. This fixes a bug where IA32_FEAT_CTL is left uninitialized and results in VMXON taking a #GP due to VMX not being fully enabled, i.e. breaks KVM. Use init_ia32_feat_ctl() to "restore" IA32_FEAT_CTL as it already deals with the case where the MSR is locked, and because APs already redo init_ia32_feat_ctl() during suspend by virtue of the SMP boot flow being used to reinitialize APs upon wakeup. Do the call in the early wakeup flow to avoid dependencies in the syscore_ops chain, e.g. simply adding a resume hook is not guaranteed to work, as KVM does VMXON in its own resume hook, kvm_resume(), when KVM has active guests. Fixes: 21bd3467a58e ("KVM: VMX: Drop initialization of IA32_FEAT_CTL MSR") Reported-by: Brad Campbell Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov Reviewed-by: Liam Merwick Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky Tested-by: Brad Campbell Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.6 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200608174134.11157-1-sean.j.christopherson@intel.com

x86/split_lock: Provide handle_guest_split_lock()

2020-04-11T14:39:30Z

Without at least minimal handling for split lock detection induced #AC, VMX will just run into the same problem as the VMWare hypervisor, which was reported by Kenneth. It will inject the #AC blindly into the guest whether the guest is prepared or not. Provide a function for guest mode which acts depending on the host SLD mode. If mode == sld_warn, treat it like user space, i.e. emit a warning, disable SLD and mark the task accordingly. Otherwise force SIGBUS. [ bp: Add a !CPU_SUP_INTEL stub for handle_guest_split_lock(). ] Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov Acked-by: Paolo Bonzini Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200410115516.978037132@linutronix.de Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200402123258.895628824@linutronix.de

x86/split_lock: Enable split lock detection by kernel

2020-02-20T20:17:53Z

A split-lock occurs when an atomic instruction operates on data that spans two cache lines. In order to maintain atomicity the core takes a global bus lock. This is typically >1000 cycles slower than an atomic operation within a cache line. It also disrupts performance on other cores (which must wait for the bus lock to be released before their memory operations can complete). For real-time systems this may mean missing deadlines. For other systems it may just be very annoying. Some CPUs have the capability to raise an #AC trap when a split lock is attempted. Provide a command line option to give the user choices on how to handle this: split_lock_detect= off - not enabled (no traps for split locks) warn - warn once when an application does a split lock, but allow it to continue running. fatal - Send SIGBUS to applications that cause split lock On systems that support split lock detection the default is "warn". Note that if the kernel hits a split lock in any mode other than "off" it will OOPs. One implementation wrinkle is that the MSR to control the split lock detection is per-core, not per thread. This might result in some short lived races on HT systems in "warn" mode if Linux tries to enable on one thread while disabling on the other. Race analysis by Sean Christopherson: - Toggling of split-lock is only done in "warn" mode. Worst case scenario of a race is that a misbehaving task will generate multiple #AC exceptions on the same instruction. And this race will only occur if both siblings are running tasks that generate split-lock #ACs, e.g. a race where sibling threads are writing different values will only occur if CPUx is disabling split-lock after an #AC and CPUy is re-enabling split-lock after *its* previous task generated an #AC. - Transitioning between off/warn/fatal modes at runtime isn't supported and disabling is tracked per task, so hardware will always reach a steady state that matches the configured mode. I.e. split-lock is guaranteed to be enabled in hardware once all _TIF_SLD threads have been scheduled out. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) Co-developed-by: Fenghua Yu Signed-off-by: Fenghua Yu Co-developed-by: Tony Luck Signed-off-by: Tony Luck Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200126200535.GB30377@agluck-desk2.amr.corp.intel.com

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

2017-11-02T10:10:55Z

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Merge tag 'for-linus-4.8-rc0-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip

2016-07-27T18:35:37Z

Pull xen updates from David Vrabel: "Features and fixes for 4.8-rc0: - ACPI support for guests on ARM platforms. - Generic steal time support for arm and x86. - Support cases where kernel cpu is not Xen VCPU number (e.g., if in-guest kexec is used). - Use the system workqueue instead of a custom workqueue in various places" * tag 'for-linus-4.8-rc0-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip: (47 commits) xen: add static initialization of steal_clock op to xen_time_ops xen/pvhvm: run xen_vcpu_setup() for the boot CPU xen/evtchn: use xen_vcpu_id mapping xen/events: fifo: use xen_vcpu_id mapping xen/events: use xen_vcpu_id mapping in events_base x86/xen: use xen_vcpu_id mapping when pointing vcpu_info to shared_info x86/xen: use xen_vcpu_id mapping for HYPERVISOR_vcpu_op xen: introduce xen_vcpu_id mapping x86/acpi: store ACPI ids from MADT for future usage x86/xen: update cpuid.h from Xen-4.7 xen/evtchn: add IOCTL_EVTCHN_RESTRICT xen-blkback: really don't leak mode property xen-blkback: constify instance of "struct attribute_group" xen-blkfront: prefer xenbus_scanf() over xenbus_gather() xen-blkback: prefer xenbus_scanf() over xenbus_gather() xen: support runqueue steal time on xen arm/xen: add support for vm_assist hypercall xen: update xen headers xen-pciback: drop superfluous variables xen-pciback: short-circuit read path used for merging write values ...

kernel.git/arch/x86/include/asm/cpu.h, branch linux-5.18.y