kernel.git/arch/arm64/kernel/proton-pack.c, branch linux-6.0.y

arm64: Add AMPERE1 to the Spectre-BHB affected list

2022-11-03T15:00:35Z

[ Upstream commit 0e5d5ae837c8ce04d2ddb874ec5f920118bd9d31 ] Per AmpereOne erratum AC03_CPU_12, "Branch history may allow control of speculative execution across software contexts," the AMPERE1 core needs the bhb clearing loop to mitigate Spectre-BHB, with a loop iteration count of 11. Signed-off-by: D Scott Phillips Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221011022140.432370-1-scott@os.amperecomputing.com Reviewed-by: James Morse Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

arm64: Add part number for Arm Cortex-A78AE

2022-04-08T10:46:46Z

Add the MIDR part number info for the Arm Cortex-A78AE[1] and add it to spectre-BHB affected list[2]. [1]: https://developer.arm.com/Processors/Cortex-A78AE [2]: https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Spectre-BHB Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: Mark Rutland Cc: Will Deacon Cc: James Morse Signed-off-by: Chanho Park Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220407091128.8700-1-chanho61.park@samsung.com Signed-off-by: Will Deacon

Merge branch 'for-next/spectre-bhb' into for-next/core

2022-03-14T19:08:31Z

Merge in the latest Spectre mess to fix up conflicts with what was already queued for 5.18 when the embargo finally lifted. * for-next/spectre-bhb: (21 commits) arm64: Do not include __READ_ONCE() block in assembly files arm64: proton-pack: Include unprivileged eBPF status in Spectre v2 mitigation reporting arm64: Use the clearbhb instruction in mitigations KVM: arm64: Allow SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_3 to be discovered and migrated arm64: Mitigate spectre style branch history side channels arm64: proton-pack: Report Spectre-BHB vulnerabilities as part of Spectre-v2 arm64: Add percpu vectors for EL1 arm64: entry: Add macro for reading symbol addresses from the trampoline arm64: entry: Add vectors that have the bhb mitigation sequences arm64: entry: Add non-kpti __bp_harden_el1_vectors for mitigations arm64: entry: Allow the trampoline text to occupy multiple pages arm64: entry: Make the kpti trampoline's kpti sequence optional arm64: entry: Move trampoline macros out of ifdef'd section arm64: entry: Don't assume tramp_vectors is the start of the vectors arm64: entry: Allow tramp_alias to access symbols after the 4K boundary arm64: entry: Move the trampoline data page before the text page arm64: entry: Free up another register on kpti's tramp_exit path arm64: entry: Make the trampoline cleanup optional KVM: arm64: Allow indirect vectors to be used without SPECTRE_V3A arm64: spectre: Rename spectre_v4_patch_fw_mitigation_conduit ...

arm64: prevent instrumentation of bp hardening callbacks

2022-03-07T21:35:06Z

We may call arm64_apply_bp_hardening() early during entry (e.g. in el0_ia()) before it is safe to run instrumented code. Unfortunately this may result in running instrumented code in two cases: * The hardening callbacks called by arm64_apply_bp_hardening() are not marked as `noinstr`, and have been observed to be instrumented when compiled with either GCC or LLVM. * Since arm64_apply_bp_hardening() itself is only marked as `inline` rather than `__always_inline`, it is possible that the compiler decides to place it out-of-line, whereupon it may be instrumented. For example, with defconfig built with clang 13.0.0, call_hvc_arch_workaround_1() is compiled as: | : | d503233f paciasp | f81f0ffe str x30, [sp, #-16]! | 320183e0 mov w0, #0x80008000 | d503201f nop | d4000002 hvc #0x0 | f84107fe ldr x30, [sp], #16 | d50323bf autiasp | d65f03c0 ret ... but when CONFIG_FTRACE=y and CONFIG_KCOV=y this is compiled as: | : | d503245f bti c | d503201f nop | d503201f nop | d503233f paciasp | a9bf7bfd stp x29, x30, [sp, #-16]! | 910003fd mov x29, sp | 94000000 bl 0 <__sanitizer_cov_trace_pc> | 320183e0 mov w0, #0x80008000 | d503201f nop | d4000002 hvc #0x0 | a8c17bfd ldp x29, x30, [sp], #16 | d50323bf autiasp | d65f03c0 ret ... with a patchable function entry registered with ftrace, and a direct call to __sanitizer_cov_trace_pc(). Neither of these are safe early during entry sequences. This patch avoids the unsafe instrumentation by marking arm64_apply_bp_hardening() as `__always_inline` and by marking the hardening functions as `noinstr`. This avoids the potential for instrumentation, and causes clang to consistently generate the function as with the defconfig sample. Note: in the defconfig compilation, when CONFIG_SVE=y, x30 is spilled to the stack without being placed in a frame record, which will result in a missing entry if call_hvc_arch_workaround_1() is backtraced. Similar is true of qcom_link_stack_sanitisation(), where inline asm spills the LR to a GPR prior to corrupting it. This is not a significant issue presently as we will only backtrace here if an exception is taken, and in such cases we may omit entries for other reasons today. The relevant hardening functions were introduced in commits: ec82b567a74fbdff ("arm64: Implement branch predictor hardening for Falkor") b092201e00206141 ("arm64: Add ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 BP hardening support") ... and these were subsequently moved in commit: d4647f0a2ad71110 ("arm64: Rewrite Spectre-v2 mitigation code") The arm64_apply_bp_hardening() function was introduced in commit: 0f15adbb2861ce6f ("arm64: Add skeleton to harden the branch predictor against aliasing attacks") ... and was subsequently moved and reworked in commit: 6279017e807708a0 ("KVM: arm64: Move BP hardening helpers into spectre.h") Fixes: ec82b567a74fbdff ("arm64: Implement branch predictor hardening for Falkor") Fixes: b092201e00206141 ("arm64: Add ARM_SMCCC_ARCH_WORKAROUND_1 BP hardening support") Fixes: d4647f0a2ad71110 ("arm64: Rewrite Spectre-v2 mitigation code") Fixes: 0f15adbb2861ce6f ("arm64: Add skeleton to harden the branch predictor against aliasing attacks") Fixes: 6279017e807708a0 ("KVM: arm64: Move BP hardening helpers into spectre.h") Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland Cc: Ard Biesheuvel Cc: Catalin Marinas Cc: James Morse Cc: Marc Zyngier Cc: Mark Brown Cc: Will Deacon Acked-by: Marc Zyngier Reviewed-by: Mark Brown Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220224181028.512873-1-mark.rutland@arm.com Signed-off-by: Will Deacon

arm64: proton-pack: Include unprivileged eBPF status in Spectre v2 mitigation reporting

2022-03-07T17:25:52Z

The mitigations for Spectre-BHB are only applied when an exception is taken from user-space. The mitigation status is reported via the spectre_v2 sysfs vulnerabilities file. When unprivileged eBPF is enabled the mitigation in the exception vectors can be avoided by an eBPF program. When unprivileged eBPF is enabled, print a warning and report vulnerable via the sysfs vulnerabilities file. Acked-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse

arm64: Use the clearbhb instruction in mitigations

2022-02-24T14:02:44Z

Future CPUs may implement a clearbhb instruction that is sufficient to mitigate SpectreBHB. CPUs that implement this instruction, but not CSV2.3 must be affected by Spectre-BHB. Add support to use this instruction as the BHB mitigation on CPUs that support it. The instruction is in the hint space, so it will be treated by a NOP as older CPUs. Reviewed-by: Russell King (Oracle) Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse

arm64: Mitigate spectre style branch history side channels

2022-02-24T13:58:52Z

Speculation attacks against some high-performance processors can make use of branch history to influence future speculation. When taking an exception from user-space, a sequence of branches or a firmware call overwrites or invalidates the branch history. The sequence of branches is added to the vectors, and should appear before the first indirect branch. For systems using KPTI the sequence is added to the kpti trampoline where it has a free register as the exit from the trampoline is via a 'ret'. For systems not using KPTI, the same register tricks are used to free up a register in the vectors. For the firmware call, arch-workaround-3 clobbers 4 registers, so there is no choice but to save them to the EL1 stack. This only happens for entry from EL0, so if we take an exception due to the stack access, it will not become re-entrant. For KVM, the existing branch-predictor-hardening vectors are used. When a spectre version of these vectors is in use, the firmware call is sufficient to mitigate against Spectre-BHB. For the non-spectre versions, the sequence of branches is added to the indirect vector. Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse

arm64: proton-pack: Report Spectre-BHB vulnerabilities as part of Spectre-v2

2022-02-16T13:22:26Z

Speculation attacks against some high-performance processors can make use of branch history to influence future speculation as part of a spectre-v2 attack. This is not mitigated by CSV2, meaning CPUs that previously reported 'Not affected' are now moderately mitigated by CSV2. Update the value in /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/spectre_v2 to also show the state of the BHB mitigation. Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse

arm64: entry: Add vectors that have the bhb mitigation sequences

2022-02-16T13:16:08Z

Some CPUs affected by Spectre-BHB need a sequence of branches, or a firmware call to be run before any indirect branch. This needs to go in the vectors. No CPU needs both. While this can be patched in, it would run on all CPUs as there is a single set of vectors. If only one part of a big/little combination is affected, the unaffected CPUs have to run the mitigation too. Create extra vectors that include the sequence. Subsequent patches will allow affected CPUs to select this set of vectors. Later patches will modify the loop count to match what the CPU requires. Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse

arm64: spectre: Rename spectre_v4_patch_fw_mitigation_conduit

2022-02-15T17:38:09Z

The spectre-v4 sequence includes an SMC from the assembly entry code. spectre_v4_patch_fw_mitigation_conduit is the patching callback that generates an HVC or SMC depending on the SMCCC conduit type. As this isn't specific to spectre-v4, rename it smccc_patch_fw_mitigation_conduit so it can be re-used. Reviewed-by: Russell King (Oracle) Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas Signed-off-by: James Morse